以太網的標準發展歷史詳細表格分析
以太網是在70年代初期由Xerox公司PaloAlto研究中心推出的。1979年Xerox、Intel和DEC公司正式發布了DIX版本的以太網規范，1983年IEEE802.3標準正式發布。初期的以太網是基于同軸電纜的，到八十年代末期基于雙絞線的以太網完成了標準化工作，即我們常說的10BASE-T。
隨著市場的推動，以太網的發展越來越迅速，應用也越來越廣泛。下面簡單列一下以太網的發展歷程：
70年代初，以太網產生；
1929年，DEC、Intel、Xerox成立聯盟，推出DIX以太網規范；
1980年，IEEE成立了802.3工作組；
1983年，第一個IEEE802.3標準通過并正式發布
通過80年代的應用，10Mb/s以太網基本發展成熟
1990年，基于雙絞線介質的10BASE-T標準和IEEE 802.1D網橋標準發布
90年代，LAN交換機出現，逐步淘汰共享式網橋
1992年，出現了100Mb/s快速以太網
通過100BASE-T標準(IEEE802.3u)
全雙工以太網(IEEE97)
千兆以太網開始迅速發展(96)
1000Mb/s千兆以太網標準問世(IEEE802.3z/ab)
IEEE 802.1Q和802.1P標準出現(98)
10GE以太網工作組成立(IEEE802.3ae)
| 1 | ExperimentalEthernet | 1973 | 2.94 Mbit/s (367 kB/s) over coaxial cable (coax) bus，這是最早的實驗以太網。 |
| 2 | Ethernet II(DIX v2.0) | 1982 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Frames have a Type field. This frame format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the Internet protocol suite。這個時候EthernetII報文格式基本確定。DIX Ethernet, named after DEC, Intel and Xerox。EthernetII幀結構 |
| 3 | IEEE 802.3 standard | 1983 |
10BASE5 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Same as Ethernet II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an 802.2 LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the CSMA/CD Process。開始制定802.3系列標準。802.3，后面不帶任何數字的，就是第一個標準。傳輸距離500m 采用粗同軸電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 8.)。 |
| 4 | 802.3a | 1985 |
10BASE2 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin Coax (a.k.a. thinnet or cheapernet)。傳輸距離185米 采用細同軸電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 10.)。 |
| 5 | 802.3b | 1985 | 10BROAD36.10 Mbit/s Ethernet signals over standard 75 ohm cable television (CATV) cable over a 3600 meter range。已經廢棄的標準。 |
| 6 | 802.3c | 1985 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) repeater spec。HUB的時代。 |
| 7 | 802.3d | 1987 | Fiber-optic inter-repeater link (FOIRL) is a specification of Ethernet over optical fibre. It was replaced by 10BASE-FL. |
| 8 | 802.3e | 1987 | 1BASE5 or StarLAN。StarLAN was the first implementation of 1 megabit per second (1Mbit/s) Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. It was standardized by the standards association of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) as 802.3e in 1987, as the 1BASE5 version of Ethernet. 這個時候開始使用雙絞線傳輸以太網信號。 |
| 9 | 802.3i | 1990 |
10BASE-T 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over twisted pair.傳輸距離100米。 采用電話雙絞線的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 14.)。 |
| 10 | 802.3j | 1993 |
10BASE-F 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over Fiber-Optic 采用光纖電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 15.). |
| 11 | 802.3u | 1995 |
100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) w/o autonegotiation。進入快速以太網時代。100base-T4 (twisted pair [4 pair])100base-TX (twisted pair [2 pair]) 100base-FX (fiber, 400m,MMF光纖) 100BASE-T4: 采用四對 3、4、5 類線非屏蔽雙絞線的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 23.) 100BASE-TX: 采用兩對 5 類非屏蔽雙絞線或屏蔽雙絞線的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clauses 24 and 25.) 100BASE-FX: 采用兩個光纖的 IEEE 802.3 100Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clauses 24 and 26.) |
| 12 | 802.3x | 1997 | Full Duplex and flow control; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split。 |
| 13 | 802.3y | 1998 |
100BASE-T2 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) over low quality twisted pair 100BASE-T2: 采用兩對 3 類線或更好的平衡線纜的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 32.) |
| 14 | 802.3z | 1998 | 1000BASE-X Gbit/s Ethernet over Fiber-Optic at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)。那個時候用的光口應該是GBIC。 |
| 15 | 802.3-1998 | 1998 | A revision of base standard incorporating the above amendments and errata。1998年應該算是一個以太網發展的里程碑吧。 |
| 16 | 802.3ab | 1999 |
1000BASE-T Gbit/s Ethernet over twisted pair at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)。GE是先有光口的標準，后有電口的標準。傳輸距離還是100米 1000BASE-T: 采用四對五類平衡電纜的 1000 Mb/s 物理層規格 (參見 IEEE 802.3 Clause 40.)。 |
| 17 | 802.3ac | 1998 | Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag") The Q-tag includes 802.1Q VLAN information and 802.1p priority information.VLAN出現。 |
| 18 | 802.3ad | 2000 | Link aggregation for parallel links, later moved to IEEE 802.1AX。鏈路聚合。Link aggregation addresses two problems with Ethernet connections: bandwidth limitations and lack of resilience. |
| 19 | 802.3-2002 | 2002 | A revision of base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata。 |
| 20 | 802.3ae | 2002 | 10 Gigabit Ethernet over fiber; 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW。SR：Short Range;LR：Long Range;ER：Extended Range;他們的傳輸線路速率都是是10.3124Gbps，編碼使用了64B/66B方式。SW，LW，RW，中的W表示WAN，廣域網；這3中規格的速率是9.95328Gbps，同樣編碼使用了64B/66B方式，之所以速率低，是為了提高與面向WAN被廣泛利用的光纜通信規格的SONET/SDH的親和性，迎合了SONET的OC-192的傳輸速度。以太網從局域網開始發展，到ae標準，已經開始跟廣域網進行融合，電信的網絡和企業的網絡開始融合。10GBASE以太網介紹 |
| 21 | 802.3af | 2003 | Power over Ethernet，or PoE (15.4 W) |
| 22 | 802.3ah | 2004 | Ethernet in the First Mile(EFM)。EPON uses a passive optical network. |
| 23 | 802.3ak | 2004 | 10GBASE-CX4 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over twinaxial cables |
| 24 | 802.3-2005 | 2005 | A revision of base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata. |
| 25 | 802.3an | 2006 | 10GBASE-T 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) |
| 26 | 802.3ap | 2007 | Backplane Ethernet (1 and 10 Gbit/s (125 and 1,250 MB/s) over PCB--printed circuit boards)。 |
| 27 | 802.3aq | 2006 | 10GBASE-LRM 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber |
| 28 | 802.3as | 2006 | Frame expansion |
| 29 | 802.3at | 2009 | Power over Ethernet enhancements (25.5 W) |
| 30 | 802.3av | 2009 | 10 Gbit/s EPON |
| 31 | 802.3au | 2006 | Isolation requirements for Power over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1) |
| 32 | 802.3aw | 2007 | Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-2005/Cor 2) |
| 33 | 802.3-2008 | 2008 | A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3an/ap/aq/as amendments, two corrigenda and errata. Link aggregation was moved to 802.1AX. |
| 34 | 802.3az | 2010 | Energy Efficient Ethernet |
| 35 | 802.3ba | 2010 | 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE) and 40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GbE) are groups of computer networking technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at rates of 100 and 40 gigabits per second (100 and 40 Gbit/s), respectively. The technology was first defined by the IEEE 802.3ba-2010 standard.Another variant, 802.3bg, was added in March 2011 to the set of standards. The task force 802.3bj is working on a four lane backplane and a copper 100 Gbit/s standard.The 802.3bm task force is working on a standard for lower cost 100 Gbit/s optical physical interfaces.40G/100G Ethernet Background |
| 36 | 802.3bb | 2009 | Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10 Gbit/s |
| 37 | 802.3bc | 2009 | Move and update Ethernet related TLVs (type, length, values), previously specified in Annex F of IEEE 802.1AB (LLDP) to 802.3 |
| 38 | 802.3bd | 2010 | Priority-based Flow Control. An amendment by the IEEE 802.1 Data Center Bridging Task Group (802.1Qbb) to develop an amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 to add a MAC Control Frame to support IEEE 802.1Qbb Priority-based Flow Control. |
| 39 | 802.3.1 | 2011 | MIB definitions for Ethernet. It consolidates the Ethernet related MIBs present in Annex 30A&B, various IETF RFCs, and 802.1AB annex F into one master document with a machine readable extract. (workgroup name was P802.3be) |
| 40 | 802.3bf | 2011 | Provide an accurate indication of the transmission and reception initiation times of certain packets as required to support IEEE P802.1AS. |
| 41 | 802.3bg | 2011 | Provide a 40 Gbit/s PMD which is optically compatible with existing carrier SMF 40 Gbit/s client interfaces (OTU3/STM-256/OC-768/40G POS). |
| 42 | 802.3-2012 | 2012 | A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3at/av/az/ba/bc/bd/bf/bg amendments, a corrigenda and errata. |
| 43 | 802.3bj | 2014 | Define a 4-lane 100 Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on “improved FR-4” (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1m and a 4-lane 100 Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper twinaxial cables with lengths up to at least 5m. |
| 44 | 802.3bk | 2013 | This amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 defines the physical layer specifications and management parameters for EPON operation on point-to-multipoint passive optical networks supporting extended power budget classes of PX30, PX40, PRX40, and PR40 PMDs. |
| 45 | 802.3bm | 2015 | 100G/40G Ethernet for optical fiber |
| 46 | 802.3bp | 2015 | 1000BASE-T1 - Gigabit Ethernet over a single twisted pair, automotive & industrial environments。802.3bp簡介 |
| 47 | 802.3bq | 40GBASE-T for 4-pair balanced twisted-pair cabling with 2 connectors over 30 m distances | |
| 48 | 802.3bs | 400 Gbit/s Ethernet over optical fiber using multiple 25G/50G lanes | |
| 49 | 802.3bt | Power over Ethernet enhancements up to 100W using all 4-pairs balanced twisted-pair cabling, lower standby power and specific enhancements to support IoT applications (e.g. Lighting, sensors, building automation). | |
| 50 | 802.3bw | 100BASE-T1 - 100 Mbit/s Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive applications | |
| 51 | 802.3-2015 | 2015 | 802.3bx - a new consolidated revision of the 802.3 standard including amendments 802.2bk/bj/bm |
| 52 | 802.3by | 25G Ethernet.25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GbE) and 50 Gigabit Ethernet (50GbE) are proposed standards for Ethernet connectivity in a datacenter environment. An industry consortium has been formed to promote the technology and IEEE 802 workgroup has formed to develop the standard. The draft uses technology defined for 100 Gigabit Ethernet implemented as four 25-Gbit/s lanes (IEEE 802.3bj).IEEE 802.3 has formed an 802.3by task force with the objectives to define:a single-lane 25 Gbit/s 25GBASE-KR PHY for printed circuit backplanes;a single-lane 25 Gbit/s 25GBASE-CR PHY for 5 m twin-ax cables;a single-lane 25 Gbit/s PHY for multi-mode optical fiber. |
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原文標題：以太網標準歷史
文章出處：【微信號：Hardware_10W，微信公眾號：硬件十萬個為什么】歡迎添加關注！文章轉載請注明出處。
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